The initial findings indicate that Twitter can help people with communication disabilities share information and feel more included.
"We are seeing that Twitter can not only provide a 'voice' for people with communication disabilities, but also an 'audience' - and this helps them to feel empowered and in control of their own lives," explained lead researcher and speech pathologist Bronwyn Hemsley from University of Newcastle.
According to researchers, many people with communication disabilities who use assistive technologies already knew how to make their communication short and succinct and, therefore, tended to flourish on Twitter.
Often, people with little or no functional speech find that listeners try to finish their sentences for them or speak on their behalf.
"They are used to crafting short messages carefully. Where other users might be at a disadvantage by 140 character limits, people who struggle to speak might have had lifelong practice in making every word count," Hemsley said in a university statement.
In many ways, Twitter might level the playing field, liberating users from stereotypes and enabling self-advocacy, she noted.
The research team will soon embark on the second phase of the three-year project to investigate the benefits of online Twitter training, how networks develop and how people with communication disabilities experience Twitter over a six month period.
The further research will involve adults with cerebral palsy, stroke, autism, motor neurone disease or traumatic brain injury.
The writer is a member of the staff.
KARACHI - Following are the foreign currency exchange rates for US Dollar, Saudi Riyal, UK Pound Sterling, U.A.E. Dirham, European Euro, and other foreign currencies in Pakistan open market on March 30, 2023 (Thursday).
Source: Forex Association of Pakistan. (last update 09:00 AM)
Currency | Symbol | Buying | Selling |
US Dollar | USD | 283.6 | 286.65 |
Euro | EUR | 305.5 | 308.5 |
UK Pound Sterling | GBP | 348 | 351.5 |
U.A.E Dirham | AED | 77 | 77.7 |
Saudi Riyal | SAR | 75.5 | 76.3 |
Australian Dollar | AUD | 187.5 | 189.9 |
Bahrain Dinar | BHD | 753.99 | 761.99 |
Canadian Dollar | CAD | 206 | 208.2 |
China Yuan | CNY | 41.25 | 41.65 |
Danish Krone | DKK | 41.26 | 41.51 |
Hong Kong Dollar | HKD | 36.11 | 36.46 |
Indian Rupee | INR | 3.45 | 3.56 |
Japanese Yen | JPY | 2.15 | 2.22 |
Kuwaiti Dinar | KWD | 925.67 | 934.67 |
Malaysian Ringgit | MYR | 62.85 | 63.45 |
New Zealand Dollar | NZD | 175.57 | 177.58 |
Norwegians Krone | NOK | 26.33 | 26.63 |
Omani Riyal | OMR | 736.34 | 744.35 |
Qatari Riyal | QAR | 77.92 | 78.62 |
Singapore Dollar | SGD | 209.5 | 211.5 |
Swedish Korona | SEK | 26.5 | 26.8 |
Swiss Franc | CHF | 308.25 | 310.75 |
Thai Bhat | THB | 8.28 | 8.43 |
KARACHI - The price of a single tola of 24-karat gold in Pakistan is Rs 207,700 on Thursday.The price of 10 grams of 24k gold was recorded at Rs178,070.
Likewise, 10 grams of 22k gold were being traded for Rs163,624 while a single tola of 22-karat gold was being sold at Rs 190,880.
Note: The gold rate in Pakistan is fluctuating according to the international market so the price is never been fixed. The below rates are provided by local gold markets and Sarafa Markets of different cities.
City | Gold | Silver |
Lahore | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Karachi | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Islamabad | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Peshawar | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Quetta | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Sialkot | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Attock | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Gujranwala | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Jehlum | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Multan | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Bahawalpur | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Gujrat | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Nawabshah | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Chakwal | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Hyderabad | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Nowshehra | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Sargodha | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
Faisalabad | PKR 207,700 | PKR 2,470 |
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